Nginx(엔진엑스)

Remark : apache 대신 Nginx 를 설치해 본다.

러시아의 프로그램 개발자인 이고르 시쇼브(Igor Sysoev)가 개발하여 2004년 발표한 모듈화 및 효율적으로 적은 메모리 사용으로 아파치(Apache) 보다 속도가 빠르다.

1. sudo apt update 업데이트


sudo apt update

sudo apt update

2. sudo apt install nginx 설치


sudo apt install nginx

sudo apt install nginx

3. nginx 데몬 시작


sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx

sudo systemctl start nginx

sudo systemctl enable nginx

4. nginx 서비스 상태 보기


# sudo systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-09-21 10:28:48 KST; 21min ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
    Process: 24632 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 24633 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 24716 (nginx)
      Tasks: 5 (limit: 1598)
        CPU: 290ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
             ├─24716 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;
             ├─24719 nginx: worker process
             ├─24720 nginx: worker process
             ├─24721 nginx: worker process
             └─24722 nginx: worker process

Sep 21 10:28:48 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
Sep 21 10:28:48 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.

# sudo systemctl status nginx

● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-09-21 10:28:48 KST; 21min ago

Docs: man:nginx(8)

Process: 24632 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process: 24633 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 24716 (nginx)

Tasks: 5 (limit: 1598)

CPU: 290ms

CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service

├─24716 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;

├─24719 nginx: worker process

├─24720 nginx: worker process

├─24721 nginx: worker process

└─24722 nginx: worker process

Sep 21 10:28:48 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...

Sep 21 10:28:48 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Started A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.

5. nginx default site config


$ cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
$ sudo vi default 

# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/
# https://wiki.debian.org/Nginx/DirectoryStructure
#
# In most cases, administrators will remove this file from sites-enabled/ and
# leave it as reference inside of sites-available where it will continue to be
# updated by the nginx packaging team.
#
# This file will automatically load configuration files provided by other
# applications, such as Drupal or Wordpress. These applications will be made
# available underneath a path with that package name, such as /drupal8.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##

# Default server configuration
#
server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server;

        # SSL configuration
        #
        # listen 443 ssl default_server;
        # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
        #
        # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
        # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
        #
        # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
        # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
        #
        # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
        # Don't use them in a production server!
        #
        # include snippets/snakeoil.conf;

        root /var/www/html;

        # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

        server_name _;

        location / {
                # First attempt to serve request as file, then
                # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }

        # pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #       include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        #
        #       # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
        #       fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
        #       # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
        #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #       deny all;
        #}
}


# Virtual Host configuration for example.com
#
# You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that
# to sites-enabled/ to enable it.
#
#server {
#       listen 80;
#       listen [::]:80;
#
#       server_name example.com;
#
#       root /var/www/example.com;
#       index index.html;
#
#       location / {
#               try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
#       }
#}

$ cd /etc/nginx/sites-available

$ sudo vi default

# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding

# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.

# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/

# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/

# https://wiki.debian.org/Nginx/DirectoryStructure

# In most cases, administrators will remove this file from sites-enabled/ and

# leave it as reference inside of sites-available where it will continue to be

# updated by the nginx packaging team.

# This file will automatically load configuration files provided by other

# applications, such as Drupal or Wordpress. These applications will be made

# available underneath a path with that package name, such as /drupal8.

# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.

# Default server configuration

server {

listen 80 default_server;

listen [::]:80 default_server;

# SSL configuration

# listen 443 ssl default_server;

# listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;

# Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.

# See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332

# Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.

# See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782

# Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package

# Don't use them in a production server!

# include snippets/snakeoil.conf;

root /var/www/html;

# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP

index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

server_name _;

location / {

# First attempt to serve request as file, then

# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.

try_files $uri $uri/ =404;

}

# pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server

#location ~ \.php$ {

# include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;

# # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):

# fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;

# # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#location ~ /\.ht {

# deny all;

}

# Virtual Host configuration for example.com

# You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that

# to sites-enabled/ to enable it.

#server {

# listen 80;

# listen [::]:80;

# server_name example.com;

# root /var/www/example.com;

# index index.html;

# location / {

# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;

# }